Honey bees ( Apis mellifera) are globally the most important commercial pollinator of crops, as well as playing an important role in the pollination of wild plants. These viral traits favor the emergence of both genotypes of DWV by not limiting the reproduction of its vector, the ectoparasitic Varroa destructor mite, in infected pupae, and thereby facilitating the spread of DWV in honey bees infested by the mite.
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Viral titer was high in all of the experimentally inoculated eclosing adults, and was independent of wing deformities, suggesting that the phenotype ‘deformed wings’ is not directly related to viral titer or viral genotype. Both genotypes caused similarly high wing deformities in eclosing adults (mean 60% greater wing deformities than control). DWV-A and DWV-B caused similar, and only slightly elevated, pupal mortality (mean 18% greater mortality than control). Here, we experimentally inoculated honey bee pupae and tested for the relative impact of DWV-A versus DWV-B on mortality and wing deformities in eclosing adults. However, their comparative effects on earlier host developmental stages are unknown.
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In adult honey bees, DWV-B has been shown to be more virulent than DWV-A. DWV comprises two widespread genotypes: the originally described genotype A, and genotype B. Deformed wing virus (DWV) is an emerging infectious disease of the honey bee ( Apis mellifera) that is considered a major cause of elevated losses of honey bee colonies.